Among others, carbon dioxide (CO 2), one of the leading greenhouse gases that arises from the use of fossil fuel, is accelerating climate change and likely will lead to global warming and endanger the sustainability of the planet Earth and its habitants. Even though significant progress has been made toward clean energy initiatives to mitigate the major cause of climate change, excessive greenhouse gas emission and usage of non-renewable fossil fuel still remain the dominant sources of climate crisis ( Lelieveld et al., 2019). Finally, a systematic analysis of beyond Li-CO 2 batteries (other Metal-CO 2 batteries) as a potential research direction in the development of energy storage and CO 2 fixation and utilization in practical applications is provided.Ĭlimate change is a global phenomenon that must be addressed to avoid major environmental consequences due to the non-renewable property of fossil fuels and excessive CO 2 emissions in the near future ( Krane, 2017 Abbass et al., 2022). ![]() Furthermore, the development and deployment of materials to overcome these challenges of Li-CO 2 batteries are discussed briefly. This article provides critical perspectives on the development of Li-CO 2 batteries as well as a description of current issues and challenges associated with cathode catalysts, electrolyte, and anode for Li-CO 2 batteries. Li-CO 2 batteries with a theoretical energy density of 1,876 Wh kg −1 are attractive as a promising energy storage strategy and as an effective way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by CO 2 reduction and the formation of discharge product Li 2CO 3 and carbon. ![]() 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.
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